Looking directly at the sun can result in a photochemical injury to your retina in less than a second and you can become blind. ![]() ![]() And you can decrease the risk of sun-related damage to your eye with appropriate sunglasses. In many cases of photokeratitis (damage to the cornea) and photoconjunctivitis (damage to the thin layer of tissue covering the eye), these eye injuries usually heal on their own if you completely avoid sun for a week. Cornea and conjunctiva damageīasically, sunburn of the cells on the front of the eye, and it's painful. CancersĮyelid tumors such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, as well as intraocular tumors such as uveal melanoma, are associated with greater UV exposure. Age-related macular degenerationĮxposure to high levels of sunlight may increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration, an eye disease that may lead to loss of central vision, by almost three-fold. It is estimated that cataract formation can be reduced by roughly 5% with appropriate UV protection. For this reason, people with cataracts have dim and fuzzy vision. Aging is the most common cause of cataracts, but UVB accelerates cataract formation. In people who are exposed to UVB over a long period of time, lens opacities usually develop in the parts exposed directly to sunlight. Lenses gradually get cloudy after age 30, and by your 60s and 70s, cloudiness decreases the amount of light penetrance into the eye and scatters the incoming light. Human lenses must be clear to transmit the light without any scattering and loss. The lens bends incoming light rays and focuses them onto the retina. The harmful effects of UVA and UVB to the eyes include: CataractsĪ cataract is a cloudiness of the lens in the eye. UVA and UVB can penetrate and change your skin and eye cell structure-causing burns and injuries-putting you at risk of skin cancer and eye diseases that can lead to permanent vision loss. When you’re outside in the sun you’re exposed to two types of UV rays: UVA and UVB. The sun is a source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. ![]() 4 p.m. for your eyes (because the sun is lower on the horizon, the eyes get a more direct hit)
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